Cardinals start second day of voting

No new pope has been elected following a first vote by cardinals in the Sistine Chapel. Source: AAP

CARDINALS have entered a second day of conclave to elect a pope.

The 115 cardinals held a first inconclusive vote in the Sistine Chapel on Tuesday as they began the process of finding a successor to Benedict XVI.

Black smoke billowed into the night air above the Vatican, indicating no one had gained the two-thirds majority needed to become the 266th pope.

White smoke - produced by mixing the smoke from burning ballots with special flares - will eventually indicate a new pope has been chosen.

No clear frontrunner has emerged, but the three favourites are Italy's Angelo Scola, Brazil's Odilo Scherer and Canada's Marc Ouellet, all conservatives like Benedict.

"So far there is no majority, but some candidates with little support will fall out soon," an anonymous cardinal who is too old to vote told the Italian daily La Stampa.

Some analysts suggest that Benedict's dramatic act - the first papal resignation in over 700 years - could push the cardinals to take an equally unusual decision and that an outsider could emerge as a compromise candidate.

However, two-thirds of the cardinals are from Europe and North America, and the view among many experts is only someone with experience of the inner workings can reform the scandal-tainted Vatican bureaucracy, the Roman Curia.

In interviews given before the conclave, cardinals pointed to new job requirements arising from the problems facing a church that is struggling in many parts of the world with scandals, indifference and conflict.

"Managerial skills will surely be useful," Vienna Archbishop Christoph Schoenborn told La Stampa newspaper.

And in an indication of a fault line among voting cardinals between Vatican insiders and those running far-flung dioceses, Nigerian John Onaiyekan spoke of "new and innovative methods to boost collegiality".

"In this regard there is a lot of room for development," said Onaiyekan, the archbishop of the Nigerian capital Abuja.

All were appointed by Benedict or his predecessor and ideological soul mate John Paul II.

What many cardinals want is a leader who can re-ignite Catholic faith - particularly among young people - in the way the charismatic John Paul II did.

There have been calls too from within the church for a rethink of some basic tenets such as priestly celibacy, the uniform ban on artificial contraception and allowing women to be priests as in other Christian denominations.

The scandal of sexual abuse of children by priests going back decades - and the cover-up of their actions by senior prelates - also cast a long shadow on the Church that the next pope will inherit.

And in a reminder of the relentless pace of the scandal, new details emerged implicating one of the cardinals, Los Angeles Archbishop Roger Mahoney, of protecting predator priests.

Lawyers said on Tuesday the archdiocese had agreed to pay nearly $US10 million ($A9.75 million) to four men who alleged they were molested by a priest in the 1970s.

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